Prevalence of Rhesus D antigen among patients attending Wudil General Hospital Kano state, Nigeria

Abstract

The Rhesus blood group system is the second most important red blood cell antigen system after the ABO blood group system. The purpose of this study was to generate basic data on the prevalence of Rhesus D antigen among patients attending Wudil general hospital. The haemagglutination method was used to determine the presence of Rhesus D antigen using commercially available Anti-sera D. Anti-sera A and B were also used to investigate the ABO blood type. 200 blood samples were collected and transferred into Ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA) containers. The blood samples were then transported aseptically to the laboratory for analysis. A drop of blood from each EDTA container was placed on a clean white tile. A drop of monoclonal anti-D was also added to each drop of blood and mixed with the aid of the tip end of the pipette. Results were obtained after two minutes based on agglutination. It was discovered that Rhesus D positive was the most prevalent with a percentage frequency of 90.5% (181) and Rhesus D negative was the lowest with a percentage frequency of 9.5% (19). It was observed that Rhesus D positive was higher in males than females (51.5% and 39.0% respectively). Rhesus D negative was also relatively higher in males than in females (6.0% and 3.5% respectively). A prevalent pattern of (B Rh-D +> O Rh-D +> A Rh-D +> AB Rh-D +> B Rh-D ->A Rh-D - > AB Rh-D - >O Rh-D -) was discovered. This study will be useful in studying the susceptibility of diseases with regards to Rhesus factor and may generate a vital information for population genetics and anthropological studies.

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